How Bromelain Works in The Human Body

Bromelain is a group of sulfur containing enzymes obtained from the pineapple plant. Bromelain supplements are produced from the stem of the pineapple plant, which is different from the bromelain that is extracted from the fruit.

The research and benefits of bromelain refer almost exclusively to bromelain extracted from the stem, introduced in 1957 as a dietary supplement. Since then, more than 300 scientific papers on its beneficial effects have appeared in the medical literature.

While bromelain can be used as a digestive aid, it is primarily used to aid in the repair of injuries, sprains, strains, joint problems, surgery, and other trauma to the body. Bromelain also helps support the body's repair from inflammatory responses, which is well documented in various experimental models and medical studies.
The main effect of bromelain is to stimulate the production of plasma protein, a compound that prevents the formation of pro inflammatory compounds and breaks down fibrin, a substance that promotes swelling, inflammation and scarring. Through a separate mechanism, bromelain has also been shown to reduce the production of compounds called kinins. These compounds cause many inflammatory responses, swelling and pain after trauma such as sports injuries.

Medical research has shown that bromelain is effective against a variety of sports related injuries. One of the most exciting studies was the 1960 study involving boxers. Facial lesions healed faster in the group that received bromelain.
Bromelain has several beneficial roles in supporting joint health, especially in osteoarthritis , a degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage and other joint compounds. Bromelain helps support healthy joints by reducing oxidative stress and gene expression of compounds that trigger inflammatory responses and pain to protect the health of cartilage. Medical studies using bromelain and other proteolytic enzymes have shown improved joint function, range of motion, and reduced discomfort.

Bromelain exerts several beneficial effects on respiratory health. For example, bromelain reduces the viscosity (thickness and viscosity of respiratory secretions. This helps improve lung capacity and function, and controls coughing and bronchial irritation. It also helps with nasal and sinus congestion.
Bromelain has very complex effects on immune function. While an overstimulated immune system can lead to inflammation and damage, an underactive immune system increases the risk of infection.

The effect of bromelain on immune function is related to the direct effect on white blood cells. Nonetheless, deeper control over molecular signaling pathways and gene expression involved in the immune response may be more critical for its regulation. Bromelain supports the normal functioning and balance of the immune system. Depending on the environment and general functional state of the cells, bromelain may cause both increased and decreased activity expression of the same molecules involved in the immune response.

One of the ways bromelain helps fight an overactive immune system is by reducing the migration of white blood cells to areas of inflammatory response. Adding more white blood cells to areas of inflammation is like adding fuel to the fire. Bromelain helps prevent aggravation of inflamed and swollen areas.

In terms of kickstarting the immune system's ability to fight infection, bromelain directly boosts white blood cell function and "primes" white blood cells to respond to signaling molecules like interferon, the body's innate antiviral compound. Bromelain strengthens both the innate (nonspecific) immune system and the adaptive (specific) immune response and white blood cell function.

As a natural protein hydrolase, Bromelain can break down proteins and has many important applications, including the following:

Biotechnology: Bromelain can be used to isolate and purify proteins, as well as to prepare antibodies and enzyme markers, and is therefore commonly used in biotechnology research.

Food industry: Bromelain can be used to catalyze protein degradation in food products, including tenderizing meat and fish, making juice and enzyme drinks, etc.

Pharmaceutical field: Bromelain can be used to treat tumors, cardiovascular diseases, digestive problems, etc. It can also be used to relieve painful symptoms such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Textile industry: Bromelain can be used for the soft treatment of textiles, which can make the fiber smoother and improve comfort.

Environmental protection field: Bromelain can be used to treat industrial wastewater and sludge with high effectiveness and economy.

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